How To Find An Online Tutoring Job With Bachelors Degree

How To Find An Online Tutoring Job With Bachelor's DegreeThe internet has many opportunities to earn money from online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree. Tutors who have done well in their studies will have the chance to work as tutors in a particular area of study. They will be able to help students in all subjects, from the technical to the most basic of subjects.They will be able to help students with all their needs and ensure that they have good skills. By choosing online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree, the tutor will be able to make a career out of what they are good at. And since they can get paid a lot of money for doing this, it is quite an attractive option.Online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree offer a lot of benefits to students who want to earn some extra money. Most schools are offering free online tutoring services for students who need help in their studies. They are only charging tuition fees on the tuition fee they pay to the tutors. It's an attractive option for those who have a tight budget.But students should be sure to choose the right kind of tutor. For example, they could choose a program that offers quick online tutoring, but that will still require him or her to visit the school campus for a short period of time. The student should also make sure that he or she is taking their courses online so that they can focus more on their studies, and not on attending meetings with other tutors.Students who are looking for online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree may find that they can also choose a home based tutoring option. This is great because it will allow them to do something that will actually allow them to earn money. They can work when it is convenient for them and their family members. But just like the other online tutoring jobs, it will take time and commitment to earn good pay.Online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree might be available through a website like Monster.com. They usually will have a number of tutors to choose from, and they will even have the option of choosing which tutors they would prefer to work with. Some people prefer this because they know that they will be able to get their tutors based on how good their own teaching skills are.The advantage to this is that students will be able to choose a few tutors to work with, rather than having them all work from one website. This is great for busy parents who want to be able to choose which of their children can be tutored. Parents should also take their time to search through the list of tutors that are available before deciding which one to choose.There are a lot of online tutoring jobs with bachelor's degree that can be found. It is not hard to find the perfect match for the student. They should just choose the ones that will best suit their needs. With a little time spent looking, there will be no reason for students to be discouraged.

What Does HCL Stand For in Chemistry?

What Does HCL Stand For in Chemistry?In chemistry, the symbol for HCL stands for hydrogen chloride. What does HCL stand for in chemistry?HCL is a salt used in making soap and cooking. This makes HCL one of the main chemicals in most dishes. It is also used in cooking and in detergents. If you have never heard of HCL before, then you are probably surprised to hear that it is one of the most common compounds found in nature.So, what does HCL stand for in chemistry? One of the common names for HCL is sodium hydroxide. It is a compound that comes from two basic substances: water and hydrogen. This compound is very unstable and when mixed with air or water, it transforms into hydrogen chloride. While this may sound very dangerous, it is not harmful to us humans in any way.HCL is an important ingredient in cleaning products because it helps in removing grease and cleaning spills. In fact, it is the first substance discovered that can remove grease, dirt, and oils from your skin and clothin g. HCL is also an essential ingredient in many types of cosmetics and is also used in foams, gels, and lubricants.A chemical that has the structure of HCL is known as sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is a mixture of sodium and chloride. It is also used in many forms of dentistry as it helps in treating tooth decay.When it comes to home improvement, HCL stands for potassium hydroxide. It is used in making paint, caulk, and sealants. HCL is also commonly used in some other types of foods, like cleaning products and marinades. A lot of people like using this compound because it can help in cleaning surfaces easily and effectively.What does HCL stand for in chemistry? You will find out that it is the primary component of many products, especially cleaning and baking products. HCL is one of the most common compounds in nature.

Will a No Child Left Behind Tutoring Grant Help Your Child?

Will a No Child Left Behind Tutoring Grant Help Your Child?The No Child Left Behind Act was signed into law by President Bush in 2020 and it became a reality for some of our students who are receiving and attending school through federal funds. While all states are now required to implement the standards and follow the curriculum, there are many that have not yet done so. To help ensure that all children receive a quality education, more students are receiving and enrolling in private schools and those who are studying to become teachers.The federal government provides financial assistance to all of the public school districts in the United States. In other words, students that receive federal funds and attend public schools can receive scholarship or grant money from the government in order to cover their tuition costs.Parents who want to see their children go to a private school need to meet certain criteria and meet certain requirements that will be required of them. These require ments include having an income at or below a certain level, being at least sixteen years old, taking the SAT or ACT tests, living in the United States or qualifying to be considered a national or state minority, and meeting the requirement that they be a member of an organization of student in the United States.Private schools that are planning to accept students must also be approved by the Department of Education. This approval will allow the school to receive grant money from the U.S. Department of Education and for the private school to apply for the money that is allocated by the government to individual students. The criteria is slightly different in each state and even in the same school district.Some private schools do not provide scholarships and the Federal Government will only fund a particular program. Every year the government allocates money based on the need of each child and the type of education that they are receiving. While you will not necessarily receive the sam e amount of money for your child, if your child meets the qualifications they will likely receive money to cover their tuition costs.Even though many private schools are still choosing not to apply for funding, there are still parents who are hoping to see their children go to private schools, regardless of whether they qualify for scholarships or grants. If you have the financial ability to send your child to private school, then this is the best way to ensure that they will receive a quality education.Whether you choose to enroll your child in a private school or a public school, you will find that they both offer the same types of educational benefits. It's important that you keep that in mind as you compare and contrast the benefits between private and public schools.

How to Choose the Right Reach Schools

How to Choose the Right Reach Schools This post is the first part of our three-part series on how to choose the right reach, match, and safety schools. Over the course of the next two months, visit the Varsity Admissions Blog for advice on how to tackle this part of the admissions process. If youre applying to college, youre probably familiar with the words safety, match, and reach. They represent the three types of institution that a student can apply to: Safetyschools you know youll get into Targetschools you think youll get into Reachschools youre not sure youll get into. You can identify your safety, match, and reach schools by comparing your credentialssuch as GPA and standardized test scoresto that of the average admitted student. These statistics are usually available on a colleges website. It can be tempting to only apply to safety and match schools in order to forego the disappointment of being denied admission to your dream, or reach, schools. Fear of rejection, however, is no reason not to apply to these colleges and universities. When choosing the right reach schools, use your skill set to your advantage and identify what a reach school actually means to you. Choose the right reach schools by thinking bigwithin reason Create a list of dream schools, and then consider the academic profile of the average admitted student. If you are within a reasonable range of this profilefor example, within 0.25 or 0.5 grade pointsyou should weigh applying. Most colleges and universities place significance on extracurricular activities and application essays, in addition to academics. So, even if your academic game isnt extremely strong, theres a chance your other assets could boost your application. However, if a reach schools academic standards are much higher than you can achieve by the time you graduate, you might want to rethink your application. Not only is it unlikely youll get in, but if you do get in, you may struggle with the coursework. Its key to apply to schools that are a good academic match so that you can get the most out of your education. [RELATED: 5 Quick Tips for Writing a College Application Essay] Choose the right reach schools by using all of your skills to your advantage Youll have a better chance of getting into a reach school, regardless of your academic profile, if you can prove youll be an asset to the college or university in a unique way. For example, if youve won awards in art or music in high school, apply to a school with a well respected arts or music program that offers scholarships in those areas. Talk about your non-academic skills and interests in your application essay or during your admissions interview. Be sure to include all of your extracurricular activities and how long youve been involved in them on your applications. [RELATED: 3 Common Questions Students May Ask in Admissions Interviews] Choose the right reach schools by remembering that not all reach schools are Ivy Leagues Theres no doubt that Ivy League schools offer amazing academic and extracurricular programs. However, other private and public colleges and universities offer rigorous and exciting programs as well. When searching for reach schools, keep your academic and personal interests in mind. There are many colleges and universities with specialized academic and extracurricular offerings that align with what you like most. Dont feel that for a school to be your reach school, it has to be an Ivy League institution. Be honest with yourself about your goals and what you bring to the table, and you will be able to identify the right reach schools for you. [RELATED: What to Do After Youve Submitted Your College Applications] Any topics you want to know more about? Let us know! The Varsity Tutors Blog editors love hearing your feedback and opinions. Feel free to email us at blog@varsitytutors.com.

11 Qualities of Super Successful People - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / 11 Qualities of Super Successful People - Introvert Whisperer 11 Qualities of Super Successful People Everyone wants to achieve something at some point of their lives. Our goals as kids may not be the same as grownups. But without a purpose in life, it is difficult to go on. But, do everyone succeed in reaching their goals? The answer we all know. But what is that makes only a handful few successful? Studies have shown that it is only a set of behavioral traits. People who have managed to reach their goals and achieved success have either inherited these qualities, or have acquired them over the time. The following list only a few of those qualities. Some of these you will be able to identify with, while others you can try to acquire through repeated trials; #1. Successful People Have a Clear Vision of their Goals While most people are not sure of what they actually want and keep changing their focus from one goal to another, the successful people have clear vision of what they want and where they are headed. #2. They are Ready to Take Risks Successful people understand that in order to achieve a larger purpose, it is important to take risks. Achieving a major success will not be possible if you are not ready to take chances. #3. They are Ready to Learn from Failures While many people give up hope after losing a battle, the once who are determined to achieve their goals, learn from their failures. They start afresh with a renewed vigor, and a lesson well learnt. #4. They Know How to Handle Stress Stress is a part of life. However, not everyone can handle it well. Successful people are experts in handling stress and do not let tough situation bog them down. Success is the result of a combination of many things. The above mentioned qualities are only a few of them. To learn more about these qualities, have look at the following Infographic by Gifographics.co

Five Ways You Can Improve Your Life As An Introvert - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Five Ways You Can Improve Your Life As An Introvert - Introvert Whisperer Five Ways You Can Improve Your Life As An Introvert Personal Branding starts with how well you speak about YOU.  I want to help you accelerate your career by connecting you with your Free Instant Access to my eBook â€" The Definitive Guide to Creating and Using an Elevator Speech.  In this guide, I give you simple to follow instructions for creating a “wardrobe” of ways to talk about you â€" to leave a lasting impression. Get your copy now! Brought to you by Dorothy Tannahill-Moran â€" dedicated to unleashing your professional potential. Introvert Whisperer

Tips for Reading an Assigned Book You Dislike

Tips for Reading an Assigned Book You Dislike As a student, you will occasionally be assigned reading materials that simply dont interest you. However, there is no reason to let your dislike for the reading affect your grade. Here are four tips for reading an assigned book you dislike: 1. Create a character tree Certain books include family trees or character diagrams in their first pages, especially if the characters span several generations or have similar names (i.e. One Hundred Years of Solitude or Wuthering Heights). If your book doesnt provide one of these graphics, you can make your own. Create a diagramin your notebook or on a scrap piece of paper that you can insert in the cover of your book. Besides listing character names, consider writing out qualities and major accomplishments for each character. You can also draw arrows between characters, and describe the relationships and similarities between them. Diagramming a character tree can help you keep track of whos who, and it can also help you make connections a critical thinking skill as you read the book.These 3 tips on note takingmay also be able to help you. 2. Consult a study guide while reading Consider using a study guide as a supplement to your reading material, rather than as a replacement. This can be especially useful when readinglong books, when synthesizing information may be difficult. Reading study guides can also help cement details in your mind, and these guides can point out major events that you should be aware of. However, be mindful that your teacher may decide to focus on different themes and details than those discussed in your study guide. Also be sure to use it as a guide make your own connections, and do not borrow its analysis or language when writing reports or essays about your book. Study guides are a great way to ensure your understanding and to introduce yourself to new viewpoints on an assigned book you dislike. Here is a guide to the study guidethat you may find useful as well. 3. Discuss the book with a friend Talking about books with someone elsecan be extremely enlightening and helpful, especially if you dislike the assigned book. Find a classmate or someone else who has read the book before an older sibling, a cousin, a parent, a friend outside of class, or an englishtutor. These are some of benefits of group study. When you discuss a book (even to express your distaste for it), you are articulating events and characters in a way that can help you write about them later. Your discussion partner is also likely to bring up aspects of the book that you havent thought of. A book conversation can include paraphrasing or summarizing what youve read, in addition to questions or confusions you may have about the text. Take the time to talk about any upcoming assignments, as well! 4. Look up articles, book reviews, and interviews with the author Background information about a book can deepen your understanding of the text. There are many online resources you can access quite easily. For instance, use a search engine to find articles, book reviews, and interviews with the author. This kind of supplementary material allows you to make text-to-text connections that can build your critical thinking skills. Follow the above tips for readingan assigned book you dislike, and get the most out of the experience. Doing so can be great practice for you, as youll likely experience many more less-than-desirable reading assignments throughout your academic career. Plus, when you reach books you do enjoy, you will have developed reading skills that can help you succeed in class.

The Top 10 South American Food Recipes

The Top 10 South American Food Recipes The Best of South American Cuisine ChaptersEvolution of South American RecipesSouth American Recipes Throughout the WorldTop 10 Recipes from South American CountriesBonus South American RecipesFrom agricultural goods such as lima beans and corn, to geographical diversity of the Amazon basin and Andean mountains â€" learn how the eating habits of South American countries have been formed from a blend of ancient history and modern socio-economic movements.Empanadas are not only wildly popular but can also be easy to make GiovanniCooking Teacher 4.83 (12) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HalimaCooking Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HakimCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors VincenzoCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GinellaCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArronCooking Teacher 5.00 (2) £9/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoshuaCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FlickCooking Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsEvolution of South American RecipesWhile many South American foods are classified as traditional today - like tamales, hominy or plantain - these traditions were often shaped by the fusion of recipes from Amerindians, or indigenous people, and the various forces of colonization and immigration that the continent has witnessed. With the food norms brought by groups like the Spaniards and Portuguese, colonization brought many changes to the continent.From Tierra del Fuego to Peru, many South American countries have integrated ancient agricultural traditions with modern ones. One great example of this can be seen through the lens of sugar. While there is no denying the tragedies engendered by the exploitation of slaves and indentured workers for the propagation of sugar cane plantations, it is also widely recognized that this trade transformed foods in South America.While many historic accounts of th e evolution of food on the continent involve a “pre-Columbian” notion of the Americas, this view of history doesn’t do justice to the culturally important, ancient civilizations and food rites independent of colonization narratives.While obvious examples of this can be seen through awe-inspiring ruins, like the ones found at Machu Picchu in Peru, food can also serve as the gateway towards understanding and appreciating the ancient civilisations of South America. The growing and harvesting of the deliciously nutritious grain, quinoa, dates back to the Incan Empire.While this account does not delve into the intricate progression of culinary practices in South America, it does reveal how important ancient, criollo or creole, immigrant and invading groups have been towards the formation of many of the traditional dishes of South America.Have a look at the best cooking classes London on Superprof.South American Recipes Throughout the WorldFrom passion fruit to maize, the influence of South American cuisine can be felt throughout the world. In fact, many of the dishes traditionally thought of as limited to the South American kitchen can be found in countries like Romania and India.There are many reasons why South American dishes find their doppelgangers worldwide, one of which has to do with the fact that the colonization of South America introduced many new cooking practices to the continent from Europe and its other colonies.One dish that seems to have escaped that is the empanada. While the origins of empanadas in the Americas are still a bit murky, they generally follow the same recipe involving a savory, stuffed, dough baked pastry. This comfort food is actually also eaten in the Philippines, where it developed independently from South American influence. There, the empanada is cooked by being either deep fried or baked.From ceviche and cornmeal to beans and rice, there are many dishes that South America has either made popular or that hold similarities t o dishes in other countries.From the Andean mountains to the Islas Malvinas, or Falkland Islands - South American food and geography is extremely diverseTop 10 Recipes from South American CountriesFrom Paraguayan to Peruvian cuisine, South American foods and food culture is incredibly rich and diverse. Whether you’re Central American, European or more, expand your drink and food options by trying any of these tasty recipes.1. Argentina: ChimichurriWhether you’re cooking the red or green version, chimichurri sauce is said to have originated with Basque settlers in Argentina. The preparation for Argentinian chimichurri is typically made from parsley, garlic, pepper flakes, olive oil and wine vinegar. Served as a side, but typically eaten as a condiment, this Argentine dish is best eaten fresh and can be poured on top of churrasco.2. Bolivia: SaltenasIf you’re looking for a delicious alternative to arepas, look no further than the Bolivian version of empanadas. This empanada can be found made differently from city to city, but is generally made up of a meat filling wrapped up dough baked pastry.3. Brazil: FeijoadaWhile caipirinha might be your go to Brazilian recipe, the national dish, feijoada, is even more satisfying to make. Especially popular in Rio de Janeiro, the dish is a black bean stew mixed with meats such as pork or beef. In the northeast, people typically add in vegetables like cabbage, potatoes or okra.4. Chile: Pisco sourWhile pisco today is primarily made in and associated with Peru and Chile, the origins of the drink are intensely debated between the two. In any case, it has not only stood the test of time but also become one of the most popular dishes in both countries. A brandy made from distilling grape juice, pisco can be made into a variety of different cocktails. The most popular preparation, the pisco sour, in Peru involves mixing pisco with egg white, syrup, lime juice and bitters. The Chilean preparation differs only with the omissi on of bitters.5. Colombia: AguardienteThe term literally translates into firewater, and is a general term for alcohol that ranges from 20% to 60% alcohol content. This liquor is the most popular drink in Colombian cuisine, especially in the Andean regions. The drink, made from sugar cane and flavoured with anise, is typically drunk neat and can be found made in a variety of different ways both in Colombia and around the world.6. Ecuador: llapingachoIf you’re familiar with Colombian arepas, then you have a basic idea of what an Ecuadorian llapingacho is and how delicious it is. While the origin of the dish inside of Ecuador is still a bit murky, it basically involves frying up a cheese and mashed potato mix. While it is generally served along side eggs, sausages like chorizo, and salad, it’s preparation can vary. The crisp-like llapingachos can be made out of yuca and cassava too.7. French Guiana: FricasseeWhile there is a diverse array of foods that typify French Guiana, such as blaff, a seafood chowder, or roti, a stuffed flatbread â€" there is one food that continues to be a favorite amongst locals and visitors alike. While fricassee is just a general term used to identify the method of cooking meat, the French Guiana version serves this stew like concoction alongside a hearty helping of rice and beans. The meat used for this dish is normally game meat including tapir and paca.8. Guyana: PepperpotTraditionally eaten on Boxing Day, pepperpot is a meat stew that can find its origins in the ancient civilizations of South America. It is typically flavoured with cassareep, a sauce derived from cassava root, cinnamon and chili peppers. This dish is eaten with bread, rice or Guyanese roti and normally takes several hours to cook.9. Paraguay: KaguyjyAlso known as mazamorra, variations of this dish can be found in many South American countries as well as in the Caribbean and Spain. In Paraguay, it is called kaguyjy in Guarani and is essentially a rice dessert con sidered to be one of the most traditional in the country. Cooked with honey, milk and sugar, kaguyjy is often comparable to locro, a thick corn stew typical of the Andean regions.10. Peru: PicaronesWhile the history of churros and bunelos is still a bit murky, a general consensus has been reached over the origins of picarones. During colonial times, the Peruvian population started to make and modify the recipe of bunuelos as they were, then, too expensive to prepare. Made with squash and sweet potato, it takes on a circular form with a doughnut consistency. This delicious dessert is usually drenched with syrup.South American food culture isn't all about food recipes but also delicious drinksBonus South American RecipesSuriname: Bojo CakeWhile American cuisine is typically known for its flower based recipes, from apple pie in the north to the corn and meat pies of Chile â€" the Americas are also home to many flowerless delights. This is especially visible in the many desserts of Sout h America, and one particular recipe is both easy and delicious to make. Surinamese bojo cake recipes can vary from family to family, but the recipe generally involves these raisins, cassava and coconut.Uruguay: Capeletis a la carusoIf you didn’t know, Uruguayans eat a lot of pasta. Like many countries on the continent, Uruguayan gastronomy was influenced by the fusion of Amerindian, criolla or creole, and European cuisine. One country in particular, Italy, had a large influence on many of the classic dishes Uruguayans enjoy today. In fact, capeletis a la caruso was invented in the 1950s by a Montevideo restaurant. Named as an homage to the Italian opera singer Enrico Caruso, the sauce is comparable to bechamel and is generally made of cream, ham, cheese, mushrooms and nuts. The preparation of capeletis a la caruso naturally starts with making caruso sauce and adding it to round pasta like capeletis.Start making amazing dishes with the best cooking courses around.Venezuela: Chicha de arrozLike many of the world’s dishes, the exact origins of chicha are highly debated. In Venezuela, chicha de arroz is considered by many a traditional drink and can be bought alongside street food in many major cities. While in some countries this drink is normally fermented, the Venezuelan preparation involves boiling rice, milk and sugar and drinking it non-fermented. In the Andean region of Venezuela, this drink does involve adding fermented pineapple and is usually served on Boxing Day.

10 Famous Economic Theories

10 Famous Economic Theories What Is An Economic Model? ChaptersThere’s More Than One Economic ModelEach Great Economist Has Their Own Economic TheoryOther Examples Of Economic ModelsFind Out More About Your Favourite Economic TheoryAn economic model seeks to explain our economic reality, for example why markets behave the way they do. What's more,  an economic model seeks to test an assumption or theory about economic behaviour. However, how this is tested depends on the model used.Sam Ouliaris, a senior economist at the IMF Institute, suggests that economists will use either a theoretical economic model or an empirical economic model to test their theories.He argues that whilst a theoretical model will focus on providing qualitative answers and predictions of an individual's behaviour or market behaviour, an empirical model will seek to provide numerical substantiation to such theories. Further, how simple, or indeed complex, a model is, will depend on the economist creating the model, and what aims they are seeking to achieve.The div ision of labour;Free trade; andA laissez-faire economic system, including the belief that markets have a tendency to self-regulate.It is interesting to note that Adam Smith was a most controversial figure in his time.One reason for the derision his writings were often subjected to was the fact that the economic model he proposed was so contrary to the political machine of his day.It just so happened that Adam Smith was alive in a time of great change in his country.He was a mere babe when Scotland signed the Treaty of Union with England, releasing his country of onerous tariffs levied by England and opening lucrative trade routes with the American colonies.Naturally, he was not aware of these events, young as he was but, in his later years, they surely must have played a role in his theorising of economic matters.When he was in his teens â€" now, surely able to grasp the ramifications of events, the Bank of Scotland suffered accusations of being Jacobite sympathisers. In 1727, that bank’s rival received its Royal Charter.The two institutions attempted to drive each other out of business. These ‘bank wars’ ended in 1751 â€" coincidentally, only a few years before our Mr Smith published his Theory of Moral Sentiments.Essentially, the overarching belief of this school was that markets should always move to be in equilibrium. For example, over time, any change to supply should be equalled by a corresponding move in demand.In this work, he alludes to ‘the invisible hand’ in his contemplation of the rich; namely that they are compelled, not by law but by a moral imperative to distribute onto the poor the necessities of life â€" presumably wages and/or goods.Turns out that Mr Smith was an economist by default; his theories were formulated on morality rather than on any fiscal sense. Thus it comes as no surprise that he is considered an Enlightened thinker!My economics teacher London is a classical economist!Laissez-Faire CapitalismThe theory of Laissez-fair e capitalism is closely linked to classical economics as well as thinkers such as Adam Smith.Far from the lackadaisical impression this term suggests, this economic theory rests on five fundamentals:The basic unit of any society is the individualThe natural right to freedom mustn’t be denied to any individualNature herself is a harmonious and self-regulating systemIndividuals must closely watch corporations and other entities of the State because of their inclination to disrupt (the Smithian) spontaneous order.Even today, we find evidence of this economic model. Shareholders have the right to review company balance sheets, for example. Governments also apply this theory by instituting oversight committees and submitting to external audits.The fifth, most important tenet is that markets should always be competitive. Here is where the concept of Laisser Faire runs into trouble!Governments routinely adjust interest rates to stimulate their economies, meet their target inflation rates or add value to their currency.While these practices could be considered manipulation, they are generally accepted as a legitimate means of maintaining an economy.Corporations, on the other hand, are not permitted such tactics.When a company artificially inflates its stock, it shows as more valuable than it actually is on the stock markets, effectively forming an economic bubble with nothing to sustain it.Such pump and dump schemes are illegal and the perpetrators are generally caught... not by individuals, as the Laisser Faire doctrine states but by government overseers.Those that advocate such a system argue that markets are effectively self-regulating and that as a result government interference in economic policy, for example through imposing import or export tariffs, is harmful. As such, to obtain the most benefit for all, capitalism should be free to run its own course.There are different types of economic modelling. (Source: CC BY-SA 3.0, Jarry1250, Wikimedia Commons)Marxism Karl Marx may be better remembered as a philosopher, but it’s equally true that he contributed much to the field of economics.His two major works in economics and economic history were:Title (English)Title (German)First PublishedAuthorsThe Communist ManifestoManifest der Kommunistischen Partei1848Karl Marx and Friedrich EngelsCapitalDas Kapital1867Karl MarxAs many will be aware, Marx was not an advocate of capitalism and saw many faults with the system, including conflict and instability.As divergent as their thinking was, Marx and Smith’s philosophies were grounded in the same plot: economic modelling must be driven by a moral code.Karl Marx believed no one person was any better, more worthy or more deserving than anyone else.That being the case, why should one have riches and the other not? Or, more specifically, why should anyone suffer any lack when there is enough for everyone to have at least basic necessities, education and health care?His philosophies flew in the face of the day’s commonly-held beliefs.Bear in mind that his pronouncements came at a time when everyone who was able was fighting to get rich.After the Revolutions of 1848, when most European monarchies were overthrown, the transition from serfdom to an economic model where people bartered their labour proved far more difficult than anyone had foreseen.Young Marx deplored the idea of people selling their time and abilities for just enough sustenance while those they laboured for essentially took the place of the so recently vacated nobility class.It might seem contrary that Marx had no problem with capitalism as an economic model. Rather, he baulked at the concept of capital; the propensity of workers to become the tools of the business owners.Contrary to thinkers such as Adam Smith, Marx believed that at the heart of capitalism was the history of class struggle itself. In an almost Hegelian-vein, Marx argued that ultimately it would be this struggle that would destroy capitalism and t hat it would drive society towards a new age of communism.Efficient Market HypothesisThe Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) is a theory within the field of financial economics and is often referenced in relation to investments and the stock market.Essentially, EMH proposes that an investor can never “beat the market” because the stock market reflects all possible available information. Although this theory is commonly referenced and used, it has been the subject of fierce debate and criticism, with detractors arguing, for example, that figures such as Warren Buffett have been able to consistently beat the market for decades.The Efficient Market Hypothesis supposes that all checks and balances are in place and working, that every entity is absolutely honest and that market fluctuations are always predictable.Essentially, it is an effective way of embracing Laisser Faire economics and the ‘Invisible Hand’ postulate; a combination which would naturally foster fair trade.Because these economic fundamentals are in place and working well, no entity â€" investor or business would be able to play the market  to their advantage.Were it not for the human factor, this would be a lovely, compact economic theory.Let’s examine the effects of international policy in America on world financial markets, just for illustration purposes.Information bias, the propensity to seek more information about a situation even though it has no direct impact on any action, is an example of cognitive bias that affects the economy.Will my earnings be safe? Will other countries want to buy my products?Will investors continue to support my venture in good faith even though it seems that this government intends to disturb the equilibrium we’ve so far enjoyed?Even after absorbing all the possible information about the situation, these entities resort to their own, perhaps irrational thinking about it. Past practice shows they would likely shed more volatile stocks in favour of buying gr owth stocks, often at a higher rate.This trend has a dual effect on the economy.For one, it reduces the value of the riskier stocks and compels investors to bypass them.On the other hand, others would profit by buying those neglected stocks at a reduced rate as well as from the over-reaction of those selling growth stocks.That would be the Buffett formula, in case you were wondering.Each Great Economist Has Their Own Economic TheoryAs we mentioned above, there is a wide range of economic theories in existence. However, if you want to study the most influential or widely-supported economic theories, try reading the key theories of major economists.The Invisible HandAdam Smith, an 18th-century philosopher, is a pivotal figure in economics and has been associated with the classical school of economics.One of Smith’s most famous concepts was that of the “invisible hand,” which he describes in his work The Wealth of Nations. Illustrative of a free market economy, Smith argued that there was an invisible hand that guided the economy towards balance and equilibrium, despite the self-interest of individuals.Adam Smith's economic model has been hugely influential. (Source: CC BY-SA 3.0, Guinnog, Wikimedia Commons)Keynesian EconomicsJohn Maynard Keynes is one of the most famous figures in economics, largely due to the wide influence that his theories had on global markets in the 20th century.The key tenet of Keynesian economics was the idea that the government should involve itself in the running of a capitalist economy.Specifically, Keynes argued that governments should spend more during times of economic downturn in order to stabilise the economy and raise demand for goods and services. This, in turn, should help the economy to grow.As with all of these economic philosophies, we have to look at what was happening in the world and with various economies, to get a real sense of what, exactly, the economist intended by his model.There is little argument among econo mists today that America’s Great Depression was caused by that country’s central bank, The Fed, not taking action in the face of the banking crisis.Actions that might have averted the monumental economic collapse include lowering interest rates and regulating banks.Prior to the Great Depression, banks in the US were largely unregulated; they had the power to print money to meet all of their fiscal obligations. The Fed made no corresponding moves, leading to a disparity of worth between the two systems.The ensuing monetary contraction led to panic, causing people to rush to banks and withdraw all of their funds.That is if funds were available for withdrawal.The Keynesian model revolves around the idea that, if the central bank had oversight and control of local banks, the depression could have been avoided.In times of slowing economy, the government must run deficits in order to keep people employed because private sector businesses cannot be counted on to invest enough in produc tion to keep the economy afloat.Such deficits may include lowering taxes and increasing government spending (which would represent a deficit in their budget).Although he is not without his critics, as his ideas marked a step away from Laissez Faire policies espoused by the likes of Adam Smith, there is no denying the influence Keynes’ theories have had.Friedman MonetarismMilton Friedman, a U.S. economist, was, in contrast to Keynes, an advocate for the free market, and has been closely associated with the theory of monetarism.The Keynesian model advocated for the government manipulating the economy through fluctuating tax rates and varying government spending to suit the times.Monetarism, on the other hand, advocates for the government controlling how much money is in circulation but taking no action.In other words: the government should focus solely on maintaining sustainable rates of economic ability.Believing that manipulation of money’s growth rate or, indeed, the supply of money itself would destabilise the economy, Friedman proposed a fixed money rule, whereby the supply of money would be increased by a set percentage each year.Friedman believed in keeping wages and prices flexible as part of a Laissez Faire economy. In particular, the theory of monetarism argues that the amount of money in supply within an economy should be kept constant, with just enough room to grow naturally.As such, in contrast to Keynes, the concept of monetarism goes against proposals or suggestions for excessive government intervention or regulation.The monetarist economic theory calls for the government to keep their hands off of your money! Source: Pixabay Credit: JarmolukOther Examples Of Economic ModelsNew economic theories and models are developing all the time, and there have been major contributions to new economic fields, such as behavioural economics, over the past fifty years or so. We outline some of the more recent economic theories that any economics student or u niversity graduate should know about below.Asymmetric InformationThe concept of asymmetric information was brought to prominence by three economists:George Akerlof;Michael Spence; andJoseph Stiglitz.The argument is that, in a transaction, often one party (usually the seller) has access to more information and knowledge than the other party (usually the purchaser).Information asymmetry is not solely an economic problem: military leaders constantly miscalculate their prospects of victory â€" a classic case of information asymmetry.We see examples of unequal equations everywhere today: we don’t really know if North Korea is continuing to operate their nuclear facilities, whether the forces of ISIS really are decimated or how the European Union will trade with us post-Brexit â€" no matter what they say.In a perfect world, such negotiations would function like a chess game: all the pieces on the board and all of the possible moves obvious to anyone who studies the pieces.The implicatio n of this theory is that, contrary to some economic models that assume perfect information symmetry, markets do not, in fact, operate in this manner, and that the existence of asymmetric information can lead to “adverse selection.”Prospect TheoryDaniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky were the minds behind prospect theory. The theory posits that individuals, contrary to the assumptions in most economic models, are not always fully rational decision makers.Kahneman and Tversky used their research to argue that individuals value gains and losses differently, with greater emphasis placed on possible gains than possible losses. For this reason, this theory has also been described as the “loss aversion” theory.As a result, Kahneman and Tversky argue that some of our decisions are based more on emotion and our memories than logic. This theory falls within the field of behavioural economics and can be used to illustrate why people sometimes follow less than logical behaviours in financial markets.Game TheoryGame theory has wide-reaching applications, from  psychology to politics and  biology to  business.Naturally, it has also been welcomed within the area of economics. Essentially, the theory studies human conflict and co-operation in times of competition, and the strategies that individuals adopt as a result.You could say that Game Theory as applied to economics underscores the principles of classical economics:Division of labour: ‘players’ help each other outFree trade: participants assign their own values for bartering.Laisser-Faire: the game’s outcome would be self-regulatingThe Invisible Hand component refers to every game participant’s common sense of fair play and equanimity.Game theory has helped to address some issues that could not be explained by other schools of economic thought. For example, game theory helps to explain the concept of imperfect competition, which not all economic models allow for.One of the first pioneers of the field was John von Neumann, although there have been many other contributors, such as John Nash, who developed the Nash Equilibrium.Game theory is becoming an increasingly popular economic theory. (Source: CC BY-SA 2.0, brewbooks, Wikimedia Commons)Find Out More About Your Favourite Economic TheoryAlthough there are a number of economic theories and models out there, it’s worthwhile spending some time familiarising yourself with the most famous economic models. You can do so by reading books on the subject. This is for a variety of reasons, not least because:You can learn more about a particular school of economic thought;You can develop your understanding of a major economic thinker â€" from Keynes to Friedman; andYou can help improve your knowledge of your course or university curriculum.The best way to learn about particular economic models is to read the relevant works by their proponents, for example, The Wealth of Nations or Das Kapital, but if you need any extra help understanding key eco nomic theories you could also turn to a tutor for help, especially if you don't have the time to read every major economic text in detail.If you decide that an Economics tutor would be the best way to help you learn more about these important economic theories, then you could look for your A Level Economics tutor on an online tutoring site. Sites such as Superprof have a range of economics tutors who are very familiar with all the major economic theories listed above, and they would be happy to help you deepen your knowledge of these models.Superprof has economic tutors online!If you'd like to read up on the financial crisis of 2008, click here.